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2D barcodes for sustainability and circularity

Sustainability and circularity may require access to information about a product throughout its lifecycle.

This could include information about:

  • material composition and origin
  • certificates and environmental data
  • repair and spare parts
  • reuse, recycling, and sorting
  • information relevant to the Digital Product Passport.

With a 2D barcode, a product's identification can be digitally linked to this information. Therefore, the information does not necessarily need to be encoded directly into the barcode itself.

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Different users may need different information

The same 2D barcode can serve as a gateway to different types of information throughout the product's lifecycle.

A consumer might, for example, need information on use, maintenance, and sorting, while a repair technician might need repair manuals and information about spare parts. Later, a recycling stakeholder need information about materials and recycling.

GS1 Digital Link can support the connection between product identification and relevant digital information sources.

→ Read the guide: What is a resolver - and when do I need one?

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Start with a specific purpose

“Sustainability” is too broad as a use case. Instead, define the specific purpose for your organization.

For example:

  • We want to make it easier to find information about product materials
  • We want to make it easier to repair the product
  • We want to help the user sort the product and packaging correctly
  • We want to make information relevant to the Digital Product Passport digitally accessible.

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Find out what information you have – and where it is located

For each data type, you should clarify:

  • Does the information already exist?
  • In which system is the information located?
  • Who owns the information?
  • How often does the information change?
  • Which product does the information apply to?
  • Who is allowed or required to see the information?
  • Should it be encoded or digitally accessible?

It is particularly important to distinguish between information that must be encoded in the barcode itself and information that the barcode should simply provide digital access to.

In the barcode you can, for example, encode a GTIN, batch number, or serial number.

Digitally, you can, for example, make material documentation, certificates, repair manuals, or information about recycling available.

→ Which information should be in the barcode - and which should be digital?

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How to get started

1. Choose one specific purpose

Start, for example, with repair, sorting, material information, or another specific application.

2. Choose a product group

Start with a limited number of products where the need is clear, so the solution can be tested in practice.

3. Use the product's GTIN as a starting point

The product's GTIN is the starting point for connecting the physical product with the digital information.

4. Map the relevant information and information sources

Find out which information you already have, where it is located, and what might be missing.

5. Clarify who is responsible for the information

Decide who is responsible for creating, verifying, and maintaining the information.

6. Decide what should be encoded in the barcode

If, for example, a GTIN, batch number, or serial number needs to be registered upon scanning, you must decide which information should be encoded.

→ What information should I include in my 2D barcode?

7. Decide what should be available digitally

For example, material documentation, certificates, repair manuals, or sorting instructions.

→ What information should be in the barcode - and what should be available digitally?

8. Create a GS1 Digital Link if digital access is required

→ How to create a GS1 Digital Link

9. Test the solution with the people who will be using it

Test whether users can scan the code and find the information they need. If the solution is intended for consumers, you should, among other things, test different smartphones and ensure that the information works well on mobile. If other stakeholders or systems are to use the solution, they should also be included in the testing.

10. Agree on who will maintain the solution

Clarify who will be responsible for links, information, and any future changes.

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A 2D barcode does not solve problems with missing data

If the information does not exist, is not structured, cannot be uniquely linked to the correct product, or if no one is responsible for maintaining it, a 2D barcode will not solve the problem.

Therefore, get your information, sources, and responsibilities in order before building the digital solution.

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Next steps

→ Which information should be in the barcode – and which should be digital?
→ How to create a GS1 Digital Link
→ How to use 2D barcodes for legal requirements and documentation

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2D barcodes for sustainability and circularity

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